Propane-1,3-diammonium Chloride (CAS 10517-44-9) is an alkylammonium chloride salt that can be used as a precursor in the preparation of perovskite-based devices.
Greatcell Solar Materials’ Propane-1,3-diammonium Chloride is of the highest purity (>99%) affording consistent results and optimal performance.

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Piperazine-1,4-diium Chloride (CAS Number: 142-64-3) is an alkylammonium chloride salt that can be used as a precursor in the preparation of perovskite-based devices.

Greatcell Solar Materials’ Piperazine-1,4-diium Chloride is of the highest purity (>99%) affording consistent results and optimal performance.

Phenethylammonium chloride (PEACl; CAS No: 156-28-5) is a precursor used in the preparation of perovskite optoelectronic devices such as perovskite solar cells (Lin et al., 2022).
Greatcell Solar Materials’ Phenethylammonium chloride is of the highest purity for consistent results and superior performance.

Lin, R., Xu, Jian, Wei, M., Wang, Y., Qin, Z., Liu, Z., Wu, J., Xiao, K., Chen, B., Park, S.M., Chen, G., Atapattu, H.R., Graham, K.R., Xu, Jun, Zhu, J., Li, L., Zhang, C., Sargent, E.H., Tan, H., 2022. All-perovskite tandem solar cells with improved grain surface passivation. Nature 603, 73–78. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04372-8.

n-Octylammonium Chloride (OACl; CAS No: 142-95-0) is a precursor used in the preparation of perovskite opto-electronic systems (Gharibzadeh et al., 2021).

Greatcell Solar Materials’ n-Octylammonium Chloride is of the highest purity for consistent results and premium performance.

Gharibzadeh, S., Fassl, P., M. Hossain, I., Rohrbeck, P., Frericks, M., Schmidt, M., Duong, T., Rahman Khan, M., Abzieher, T., Abdollahi Nejand, B., Schackmar, F., Almora, O., Feeney, T., Singh, R., Fuchs, D., Lemmer, U., P. Hofmann, J., L. Weber, S.A., W. Paetzold, U., 2021. Two birds with one stone: dual grain-boundary and interface passivation enables >22% efficient inverted methylammonium-free perovskite solar cells. Energy & Environmental Science 14, 5875–5893. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EE01508G.

Methylammonium Chloride (MACl; CAS No: 593-51-1) is a precursor used in the preparation of perovskite optoelectronic devices such as perovskite solar cells (Larini et al., 2022). The addition of MACl was shown to improve the crystal quality of the perovskite leading to record efficiencies and stability of the resultant devices (Kosmatos et al., 2019; Lee et al., 2022).

With a purity level of >99.99%, Greatcell Solar Materials’ Methylammonium Chloride affords consistent results and optimal performance.

Kosmatos, K.O., Theofylaktos, L., Giannakaki, E., Deligiannis, D., Konstantakou, M., Stergiopoulos, T., 2019. Μethylammonium Chloride: A Key Additive for Highly Efficient, Stable, and Up-Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells. Energy & Environmental Materials 2, 79–92. https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.12040.

Larini, V., Degani, M., Pica, G., Ding, C., Andaji-Garmaroudi, Z., Faini, F., Stranks, S.D., Ma, C.-Q., Grancini, G., 2022. From Bulk to Surface Passivation: Double Role of Chlorine-Doping for Boosting Efficiency of FAPbI3-rich Perovskite Solar Cells. Solar RRL n/a, 2200038. https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202200038.

Lee, J.-W., Tan, S., Seok, S.I., Yang, Y., Park, N.-G., 2022. Rethinking the A cation in halide perovskites. Science 375, eabj1186. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abj1186.

Greatcell Solar Materials offers the greatest range of alkylammonium chlorides as perovskite precursors allowing researchers to explore the influence of cation sizes in perovskite structures and to optimise the opto-electronic properties of perovskite films.

Use Greatcell Solar Materials’ high purity iso-Pentylammonium Chloride (or i-Pentylammonium Chloride; i-PACl; CAS Number: 541-23-1) for your research projects.

Formamidinium Chloride (FACl; CAS No: 6313-33-3) is a precursor used for the preparation of perovskite optoelectronic devices, including perovskite solar cells (PSCs) (Guan et al., 2021). FACl is considered an alternative chloride source to Methylammonium Chloride with a better solubility leading to higher crystallinity (Cheng et al., 2021). The addition of FACl into the perovskite precursor solution leads to enhanced power conversion efficiencies of the PSC (Cheng et al., 2021).

Greatcell Solar Materials’ Formamidinium Chloride consists of a white powder produced with a purity level > 99.99%. It has a superior quality thanks to a reproducible production process and an extremely low moisture content.

Cheng, F., Zhang, J., Pauporté, T., 2021. Chlorides, other Halides, and Pseudo-Halides as Additives for the Fabrication of Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ChemSusChem 14, 3665–3692. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202101089.

Guan, N., Ran, C., Wang, Y., Chao, L., Deng, Z., Wu, G., Dong, H., Bao, Y., Lin, Z., Song, L., 2021. SnO2 Passivation and Enhanced Perovskite Charge Extraction with a Benzylamine Hydrochloric Interlayer. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c17788.

Ethylammonium chloride (EACl; CAS 557-66-4) is an organic salt used in the preparation of perovskite opto-electronic devices including perovskite solar cells.
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4-Trifluoromethyl-phenylammonium chloride (CF3-PACl; CAS Number: 90774-69-9) is a precursor used in the preparation of perovskite-based opto-electronic systems. A small amount of 4-trifluoromethyl-phenylammonium added to the precursor solution of an all-perovskite tandem solar cell resulted in 26.4% efficiency exceeding that of the best-performing single-junction perovskite solar cells (Lin et al., 2022).

Greatcell Solar Materials’ 4-trifluoromethyl-phenylammonium chloride is of the highest purity affording consistent results and superior performance.

Lin, R., Xu, J., Wei, M. et al. All-perovskite tandem solar cells with improved grain surface passivation. Nature 603, 73–78 (2022).